smokey oak millipede (narceus gordanus)

Smokey Oak Millipede (Narceus gordanus): A Hardy and Fascinating Beginner Invertebrate

The smokey oak millipede (narceus gordanus) is a popular and resilient species of millipede native to the southeastern United States. Known for its attractive smoky-gray coloration, calm temperament, and simple care needs, this millipede makes an excellent choice for beginner and experienced invertebrate keepers alike. Unlike more delicate exotic species, it thrives in captivity with minimal maintenance, making it ideal for naturalistic terrariums, educational displays, or personal bioactive setups.

Appearance and Behavior smokey oak millipede (narceus gordanus)

The Smokey Oak Millipede is a medium to large species, with adults typically growing between 4 and 6 inches in length. Its body is cylindrical, segmented, and features a smooth exoskeleton that varies from light gray to dark charcoal with subtle brownish tones. As with other millipedes, it moves slowly and gracefully, using its many legs in a wave-like motion.

One of the most appealing aspects of the Smokey Oak Millipede (Narceus gordanus) is its peaceful, non-aggressive nature. When threatened, it doesn’t bite or sting but instead curls into a tight coil, often releasing a mild defensive secretion that smells slightly earthy or musky. This harmless defense mechanism is a gentle reminder that it prefers to be left alone rather than confronted.

Habitat and Natural Range smokey oak millipede (narceus gordanus)

In the wild, this species is found in forested regions of Florida, Georgia, and parts of the southeastern U.S., where it lives under leaf litter, rotting logs, and moist soil. It plays a crucial ecological role as a detritivore, breaking down decaying plant matter and returning nutrients to the soil.

Recreating this natural environment in captivity is relatively simple, and the Smokey Oak Millipede will reward you with longevity and interesting behavior.

Enclosure Setup

Creating a comfortable and naturalistic habitat for the Smokey Oak Millipede (Narceus gordanus) involves maintaining humidity and providing adequate organic material for burrowing and feeding.

Enclosure Size:
A 10-gallon tank is suitable for a pair or small group. These millipedes are communal and do well in groups.

Substrate:
Use 3 to 5 inches of a bioactive substrate blend—organic topsoil, coco fiber, and leaf litter mixed with decayed wood. This is essential for burrowing and nutrition.

Humidity & Temperature:

• Humidity: 75%–85%

• Temperature: 72°F–78°F
  Mist lightly every few days and maintain airflow to prevent mold buildup.

Decor:
Add cork bark, pieces of rotting hardwood, moss, and dead leaves. These not only help retain humidity but also provide enrichment and hiding areas.

Feeding and Nutrition

The Smokey Oak Millipede is a decomposer, feeding on decaying organic matter. In captivity, it will happily eat a combination of naturally decayed wood, dried leaves, and occasional fresh vegetables and fruits.

Staple Foods:

• Soft fruits like melon, banana, and cucumber (in moderation)

• Calcium sources such as cuttlebone or powdered calcium sprinkled occasionally

• Decomposing hardwood and leaf litter (oak and magnolia are favorites)

Remove uneaten fresh foods within 24 hours to prevent mold and pests. Their digestive systems thrive best when they have continuous access to natural detritus.

Handling and Temperament

The Smokey Oak Millipede (Narceus gordanus) is gentle and slow-moving, making it one of the few invertebrates suitable for light, supervised handling. It’s important to wash your hands before and after handling to avoid transferring harmful oils or bacteria to the millipede—or irritating your skin with its mild secretions.

Though not dangerous, it’s best to avoid handling right after misting, as the millipede is more likely to be active or sensitive during these times.

Lifespan and Molting

Under proper conditions, the Smokey Oak Millipede can live 7–10 years in captivity. Like other arthropods, it grows by molting—shedding its exoskeleton. During this time, the millipede may burrow and remain hidden for days or even weeks.

Molting Signs:

• Decreased movement

• Hiding or burrowing deeper than usual

• Dull coloration before the shed

Avoid disturbing the enclosure during this period to ensure a safe and successful molt.

Final Thoughts

The Smokey Oak Millipede (Narceus gordanus) is a low-maintenance, long-lived, and peaceful invertebrate that adds ecological interest and natural charm to any enclosure. Whether you’re a beginner looking to explore exotic pets or an experienced hobbyist building a thriving bioactive habitat, this species is an excellent choice.

Its ease of care, non-aggressive nature, and fascinating behaviors make the Smokey Oak Millipede a standout among terrestrial invertebrates. With just a little attention to its natural needs, you’ll find it a resilient and rewarding companion for years to come.