everglades rat snake (elaphe obsoleta rossalleni)

Everglades Rat Snake (Elaphe obsoleta rossalleni): A Stunning and Adaptable Serpent

The Everglades rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta rossalleni) is a non-venomous colubrid native to the Florida Everglades. Known for its vibrant orange to yellow coloration and impressive climbing abilities, this subspecies of the eastern rat snake has become a favorite among reptile hobbyists. Hardy, intelligent, and relatively easy to care for, these snakes make a great addition to intermediate or even beginner reptile collections—especially for those who enjoy active, visually striking pets.

Natural Habitat and Behavior Everglades rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta rossalleni)

In the wild, the Everglades rat snake  inhabits wetlands, hammocks, and agricultural lands in southern Florida. This environment is warm, humid, and full of both trees and open spaces—perfect for a semi-arboreal snake like this one.

They are diurnal, meaning they are most active during the day, often climbing trees, hunting for prey, or basking in the sun. Their primary diet in nature consists of rodents, birds, and bird eggs, which they subdue through constriction.

Enclosure Requirements Everglades rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta rossalleni)

These snakes grow to an average length of 4 to 6 feet, so they require a fair amount of space—especially vertically.

Ideal enclosure features:

• Minimum Size: 40-gallon tank for adults (36″ x 18″ x 18″), though larger is better

• Substrate: Cypress mulch, aspen shavings, or coconut husk for burrowing behavior

• Temperature: 78–84°F during the day with a basking area of 88–90°F; nighttime temperatures can drop to 70–75°F

• Humidity: 60–70% (maintain with regular misting and a large water bowl)

• Lighting: UVB not required, but a day/night cycle helps regulate behavior

• Decor: Branches, cork bark, hides, and climbing structures

A secure, well-ventilated lid is crucial, as the Everglades rat snake is a skilled climber and escape artist.

Diet and Feeding

In captivity, these snakes thrive on a diet of appropriately sized frozen-thawed rodents. A steady feeding routine ensures good growth, health, and a calm demeanor.

Feeding Guidelines:

• Juveniles: Feed every 5–7 days

• Adults: Feed every 7–10 days

• Prey size: Slightly smaller than the snake’s widest point

• Hydration: Always provide clean, fresh water

Avoid handling for 48 hours after feeding to prevent regurgitation.

Temperament and Handling

The Everglades rat snake  is generally docile but can be a bit defensive as a juvenile. With regular handling and calm interactions, they usually become quite tame.

Handling tips:

• Begin with short, gentle sessions

• Support the snake’s body fully

• Avoid sudden movements or strong scents on your hands

They are alert, curious, and tend to explore their environment rather than hide excessively, making them fun to observe.

Shedding and Health

Proper humidity is key to good sheds. You’ll know a shed is coming when the snake’s eyes turn cloudy or blue. Provide a humidity hide with damp sphagnum moss to assist in the process.

Common health signs to monitor:

• Clear eyes and nose

• Smooth, complete sheds

• Regular feeding behavior

• Clean vent and firm stools

As with any reptile, signs of illness (wheezing, mouth bubbles, refusing food for weeks) should prompt a visit to a reptile-savvy vet.

Breeding and Lifespan

If housed in pairs and provided with seasonal cycling (cooling and warming periods), these snakes will readily breed. Females lay clutches of 8–20 eggs in moist substrate, which hatch after 55–65 days at ~82°F.

With proper care, the Everglades rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta rossalleni) can live for 15 to 20 years in captivity. Responsible breeding ensures healthy lines and helps preserve this unique subspecies for future generations.

Why Choose This Species?

What makes the Everglades rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta rossalleni) so appealing is its combination of beauty, intelligence, and ease of care. Their bold coloration—ranging from bright orange to deep gold—adds visual flair to any collection. Their active nature and tendency to climb also make for an engaging pet that offers more than just aesthetic value.

If you’re seeking a colorful, manageable, and rewarding snake species, the Everglades rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta rossalleni) is an excellent choice. It brings a piece of Florida’s natural wonder right into your home.